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Educational Resources

Here are some free resources to help you better understand Indigenous realities and guide your organization’s actions.

Terminology

Guide / ToolkitMikana· 2022
Introduces the key terms used when discussing Indigenous peoples and explains their meanings by placing them in historical, political, and social context. It shows how certain words are linked to colonial policies and why their use can affect individuals and communities. Clarifies concepts such as “Nation,” “community,” “status,” and “Indigenous” by providing concrete guidelines to promote more accurate and respectful communication.
Guide / ToolkitIndigenous Corporate Training Inc.· 2024
Provides definitions and guidance to help readers better understand and use terms related to Indigenous peoples. Explains why certain terms matter, how they are rooted in history and lived experiences, and what they mean to the people they refer to. Offers clear guidelines for distinguishing between terms such as “First Nations,” “Inuit,” and “Métis.”
Government website / explanatory guideLibrary and Archives Canada· 2025
This guide traces the evolution of the terms used to refer to Indigenous peoples in Canada. It shows that many terms were used for a long time without Indigenous peoples having a say in the words used to describe them, often within a colonial context. The guide also explains how the meanings of these terms have changed and why some are no longer used.

The Diversity of Indigenous Peoples

WebsiteIndigenous Tourism Quebec
It presents each nation through its territories, cultural practices, and current initiatives. It includes information on powwows, artisans, businesses, as well as various community-led activities and projects.
Interactive educational resourceAtlas of Indigenous Peoples of Canada· 2018
Presents First Nations through interactive maps, explanatory texts, and visual resources. The maps, developed in collaboration with Indigenous organizations, illustrate traditional territories, historical movements, and current realities.
Interactive educational resourceAtlas of Indigenous Peoples of Canada· 2018
Presents the Inuit people through their northern territories, their languages, and certain aspects of their way of life. The Atlas also addresses contemporary issues, such as forced displacement and the colonization of the North in the 20th century.
Interactive educational resourceAtlas of Indigenous Peoples of Canada· 2018
Presents the Métis as a people with their own history, territories, and cultural practices. Covers historical milestones such as the Métis resistance, Louis Riel, and the creation of Manitoba.
Government websiteGovernment of Quebec· 2025
Presents the 10 nations and the Inuit people of Quebec through their territories, languages, communities, and political organization. Each nation is described separately to highlight their unique characteristics.
MappingAmnesty International and Mikana· 2021
Shows the locations of the 11 Indigenous Nations in Quebec, their communities, and the Indigenous Friendship Centres. The Friendship Centres provide support to people living in urban areas.
Interactive tool / mappingFirst Nations of Quebec and Labrador Sustainable Development Institute (FNQLSDI)
Helps identify the main Indigenous stakeholders in Quebec and Labrador. Brings together political, community, economic, and territorial organizations associated with First Nations.
Encyclopedia entryThe Canadian Encyclopedia (Historica Canada)· 2022
Provides an overview of the main Indigenous languages and language families. Highlights that these languages reflect unique ways of viewing the world, inhabiting the land, and passing down knowledge. Discusses the consequences of colonial policies and language revitalization initiatives.

History

BookPierre Lepage· 2019
Debunks common misconceptions about Indigenous peoples in Quebec and Canada. Each chapter begins with a common myth and then clearly explains why these perceptions are inaccurate.
ToolkitTshakapesh Institute / Commission on Human Rights and Youth Rights· 2025
Adapts the main themes of the book *Myths and Realities* into a visual and interactive digital format. Highlights common misconceptions and explains them using historical, social, or cultural facts.
Educational KitMikana
Outlines the key milestones in the recognition of the territorial and ancestral rights of Indigenous peoples in Canada. Provides context for Supreme Court decisions, treaties, claims, and legislative changes.
Encyclopedia entryThe Canadian Encyclopedia· 2019
Outlines the key issues surrounding the CBJNQ, one of Canada’s first modern treaties. Explains the context of hydroelectric projects and the recognition of certain territorial rights.
Encyclopedia entryThe Canadian Encyclopedia
Looks back at the 1990 Oka Crisis, which stemmed from plans to expand a golf course on land claimed by the Kanienkehà:kà community of Kanehsatà:ke. It highlights the depth of the issues surrounding land rights.
DocumentaryAlanis Obomsawin / National Film Board of Canada
Closely follows the events of the Oka Crisis in 1990 from the perspective of the Kanehsatà:ke community. Highlights 270 years of land claims that have been ignored or remain unresolved.
Documentary seriesRadio-Canada / ICI TOU.TV· 2025
Highlights Indigenous voices sharing stories of resistance, resilience, and cultural continuity. Each episode explores a different aspect, giving a platform to artists, leaders, elders, and young people.

Contemporary Realities

Official Report (5 volumes)Government of Canada· 1991
One of the most comprehensive public inquiries into the relationship between Indigenous peoples and the government. This five-volume work provides a broad overview of the history, current realities, and aspirations of First Nations peoples.
Official Reports (6 volumes + summaries)Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada· 2015
Compiles more than 7,000 testimonies from residential school survivors. Clearly establishes that the residential school system was a policy of forced assimilation and sets out 94 calls to action to transform relations between Indigenous and non-Indigenous peoples.
Official ReportsGovernment of Canada· 2019
Addresses the humanitarian crisis caused by the disproportionate number of Indigenous women, girls, and LGBTQ2+ individuals who have gone missing or been murdered. Issues 231 calls for justice that affect society as a whole.
Official ReportGovernment of Quebec· 2019
Documents instances of discrimination against Indigenous peoples in Quebec’s public services. Outlines 142 calls to action to transform practices in health care, the justice system, youth protection, and social services.
ToolboxMikana· 2024
Addresses hurtful comments about Indigenous people’s appearance. Explains how these colonial expectations challenge identity and obscure the true diversity of Indigenous peoples.
Toolkit (Levels 1, 2, and 3)Mikana
A three-part series designed to deepen understanding of decolonization. It invites participants to examine dominant narratives, power dynamics, and everyday actions that may perpetuate colonial patterns.
Educational Kit (PDF)Mikana· 2024
Presents the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples in plain language. Explains topics such as territorial rights, self-determination, languages, and culture.

Cultural security

Webinar SeriesRegulations Governing First Nations Child and Family Services and the Jordan Principle· 2025
Four free webinars on cultural safety and inclusion in services for First Nations children and families. Covers the basics of cultural safety, the effects of colonial policies, systemic discrimination, and best practices.
Official DocumentOffice of the Principe de Joyce (Atikamekw Council of Manawan)· 2020
Developed following the death of Joyce Echaquan in 2020. It sets out concrete commitments to transform healthcare settings, recognize Indigenous knowledge, and ensure the dignity of Indigenous patients.
Guide + ChecklistQuebec Ministry of Health and Social Services (MSSS)· 2021
Presents the fundamentals of cultural safety in healthcare and social services settings in Quebec. Offers concrete steps and tools for transforming professional practices.